The first century A.D. Jewish historian, Flavius Josephus, wrote that it was the same city as Tarsus, in modern day Turkey, which is the Apostle Pauls hometown. The location Tharsis in Spain is probably so named by the. It was the farthest limit of the western world as known to the Hebrews. 2 Chroniques 9Louis Segond. This seemingly rules out Spain as Tarshish and the Latin American countries as the young lions. (1) Eponym of a Benjamite family (1Chronicles 7:10); Rhamessai, A and Lucian, Tharseis. In the time of our Lord's ministry in Galilee the shores of the Sea were densely peopled, and there must have been many boats engaged in the fishing industry. Tartessus may well have been the Arabic form of the name Tarshish and the Spanish appear to identify Tartessians as the early Britons. She is freighted with the most varied cargo, the produce of the lands around, her customers, or as they are called, her traffickers, being Tarshish in the far West, Sheba and Arabia in the South, Haran and Asshur in the East, Javan, which is Greece, and Togarmah, which is Armenia, in the North. Control of this precious metal which the Tartessians combined with copper to produce bronze, allows the Tartessians to live in great comfort. ), translated "vessel" in The Wisdom of Solomon 14:1, but "ship" elsewhere. Isaiah 23:6 Pass over to Tarshish! The word comes from the Greek kassiteros meaning tin. The basis of the trade is a long standing agreement between the Tartessians and the Celts from the British Isles(Spain -Thenandnow). to carry away silver and gold, to take away livestock and goods, to take great spoil? Contrary to translations that have been rendering Assyrian tar-si-si as 'Tarsus' up to the present time, Thompson argues that the Assyrian tablets inscribed in Akkadian indicate tar-si-si (Tarshish) was a large island in the western Mediterranean, and that the poetic construction of Psalm72:10 also shows that it was a large island to the very distant west of Phoenicia. The last mine closed in 2004. This may be referenced in Psalm48:7 which records "By the east wind you shattered the ships of Tarshish." [30] This idea stems from the fact that Tarshish is recorded to have been a trader in tin, silver, gold, and lead [31] which were all mined in Cornwall. Instead, the lack of evidence for wealth in Israel and Phoenicia during the reigns of Solomon and Hiram, respectively, prompted a few scholars to opine that the archaeological period in Mediterranean prehistory between 1200 and 800BC was a 'Dark Age'.[2]. It is fitting, therefore, that in his dirge over the downfall of the mistress of the sea, Ezekiel should represent Tyre as a gallant ship, well built, well furnished, and well manned, broken by the seas in the depths of the waters, fallen into the heart of the seas in the day of her ruin. : Southern Phoenician hacksilber hoards and the location of Tarshish', "Chabad Tanakh: Rashi's Commentary on Daniel 10:6", "Chapter 9: The Sermon | Moby Dick | Herman Melville | Lit2Go ETC", "Tarshish in the mountains of Lebanon: Attestations of a Biblical place name", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tarshish&oldid=1140310495, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. The Jews like the Egyptians and the Assyrians had a natural shrinking from the sea, and Ecclesiasticus interprets their feeling when he says: "They that sail on the sea tell of the danger thereof; and when we hear it with our ears, we marvel" (43:24).III. Dedan; Idumeans, or the most easterly parts of Arabia Deserta: by these are noted the eastern nations that assisted, say some. Marayong NSW 2148 Sheba, and Dedan, and the merchants of Tarshish, with all the young lions thereof, shall say unto thee, Art thou come to take a spoil? Isaiah 66:19 "I will set a sign among them, and I will send such as escape of them to the nations, to Tarshish, Pul, and Lud, who draw the bow, to Tubal and Javan, to the islands afar off, who have not heard my fame, neither have seen my glory; and they shall declare my glory among the nations.. Jeremiah 46:9 Go up, you horses; and rage, you chariots; and let the mighty men go forth: Cush and . For it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in. It is notknown whether Tartessus was a city,a river or a nation. 5 By these were the isles of the Gentiles divided in their lands; every . The most important thing to know about Tarshish. Tarshish was a nation that was rich in minerals and supplied the known world in the 6th century BC through the markets at the coastal city of Tyre. Under the ruthless and ambitious King Nebuchadnezzar II, the sprawling settlement in modern-day Iraq grew into a major city as large as Chicago, and boasted towering temples, ornately tiled palaces and imposing city walls thick enough for two chariots to pass . Sometime in the geological past, great fissures occurred in the granite. ), (1) A distant port from which silver, iron, tin, lead, ivory, monkeys, and peacocks were brought to Palestine (cf. Tarshish was an ancient city located in modern day southern Spain, due north of Gilbratar. The expression "ships of Tarshish" originally meant ships destined to go to Tarshish; and then probably came to signify large Phoenician ships, of a particular size the description, destined for long voyages, just as in English "East Indiaman" was a general name given to vessels, some of which were not intended to go to India at all. The cargo (phortion, Acts 27:10, the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) "lading") in this case was wheat (Acts 27:38), but another word is used, gomos, by Luke of a ship's load of varied wares (Acts 21:3; compare Revelation 18:11).Of those engaged in handling the ship we find (Acts 27:11) the master (kubernetes), the owner (naukleros, although this expression seems not quite consistent with the ownership of a grain ship of the imperial service, and Ramsay's distinction between the words, making the former "sailing-master" and the latter "captain," may be better), the sailors (Acts 27:30, who treacherously sought to lower the ship's boat on the pretense of laying out anchors from the "foreship" or prow, and to get away from the doomed vessel).Of operations belonging to the navigation of the vessel in the storm there were(1) the taking on board of the ship's boat and securing it with ropes (Acts 27:16, in which operation Luke seems to have taken part; compare Acts 27:32),(2) the undergirding of the ship (Acts 27:17, using helps, that is taking measures of relief and adopting the expedient, only resorted to in extremities, of passing cables under the keel of the ship to keep the hull together and to preserve the timbers from starting),(3) the lowering of the gear (Acts 27:17, reducing sail, taking down the mainsail and the main yard),(4) throwing freight overboard and later casting out the tackling of the ship (Acts 27:19),(5) taking soundings (Acts 27:28),(6) letting go four anchors from the stern (Acts 27:29, stern-anchoring being very unusual, but a necessity in the circumstances),(7) further lightening the ship by throwing the wheat into the sea (Acts 27:38),(8) cutting the anchor cables, unlashing the rudders, hoisting up the foresail to the wind, and holding straight for the beach (Acts 27:40).Of the parts of the ship's equipment there are mentioned "the sounding lead" (bolis, though it is the verb which is here used), "the anchors" (agkurai, of which every ship carried several, and which at successive periods have been made of stone, iron, lead and perhaps other metals, each having two flukes and being held by a cable or a chain), "the rudders" (pedalia, of which every ship had two for steering, which in this case had been lifted out of the water and secured by "bands" to the side of the ship and unlashed when the critical moment came), "the foresail" artemon, not the mainsail, but the small sail at the bow of the vessel which at the right moment was hoisted to the wind to run her ashore), and "the boat" (skaphe, which had been in tow in the wake of the vessel, according to custom still prevalent in those seas-coasting-vessels being sometimes becalmed, when the crew get into the small boat and take the ship in tow, using the oars to get her round a promontory or into a position more favorable for the wind). There the centurion found a ship of Alexandria sailing for Italy, one of the great corn fleet carrying grain from Egypt for the multitudes of Rome. Oil is transacted in US dollars. Esther 1:14 mentions in passing a Persian prince named Tarshish among the seven princes of Persia. For in the first place the name Eridanus is manifestly not a barbarian word at all, but a Greek name, invented by some poet or other; and secondly, though I have taken vast pains, I have never been able to get an assurance from an eye-witness that there is any sea on the further side of Europe. Now the word of the Lord came to Jonah the son of Amittai, saying, "Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and call out against it, for their evil has come up before me." But Jonah rose to flee to Tarshish from the presence of the Lord.He went down to Joppa and found a ship going to Tarshish. At the end of July, Tarshish, who has been working alongside people with disabilities since before the ADA's passage, was among the more than 1,000 people who gathered at the Minnesota History. Lipiski, E. (2004). The word "launch," of putting a boat or a ship into the sea, has disappeared from the Revised Version (British and American), except in Luke 8:22, where it is more appropriate to an inland lake. (c) As regards cargo, it is to be noted that "the persons of men," that is, slaves, formed an article of merchandise in which Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, countries to the North, traded with Tyre.3. In the same book the drunkard, because of his unnatural insensibility to danger, is likened to a man "that lieth down in the midst of the sea, or as he that lieth upon the top of a mast" (23:34); and among the inscrutable things of the world the writer includes "the way of a ship in the midst of the sea" (30:19). Ezekiel 38:13 imparts several important clues to the reader. The developments in Turkey bear careful watch as its leader seeks to establish a more radical Sunni state and support actions to impede the Shiite ambitions of Iran. The location of Tarshish has been lost to time and has given rise to much discussion. (3) The Hebrew name of a precious stone (Ezekiel 10:9 margin, English Versions of the Bible "beryl"; Exodus 28:20; 39:13; Ezekiel 1:16; 28:13; Song of Solomon 5:14; Daniel 10:6). The prophecy of Psalms 48 was fulfilled in 1948. Now Caesarea has disappeared; and Joppa has only an open roadstead where vessels lie without shelter, and receive and discharge cargo and passengers by means of boats plying between them and the shore. The Jewish-Portuguese scholar, politician, statesman and financier Isaac Abarbanel (1437-1508 A.D.) described Tarshish as "the city known in earlier times as Carthage and today called Tunis ." One possible identification for many centuries preceding the French scholar Bochart (d. Was Jonah swallowed by a whale? It is said to be buried under the Coto Doana (the combined marshlands and dunes at the mouth of the Guadalquivir that are now protected as a National Park), others claim it is under Seville or Huelva and so on. Ezekiel, in 587BC described all of the commodities sold in the market place of Tyre and stated that. In his day all of Africa west of Egypt was called Libya and south of Egypt was called Ethiopia. Meshech (also spelled Meshek) and Tubal were sons of Japheth, one of the three sons of Noah who survived the flood with him ( Genesis 10:1-2 ). [32], Bochart, apart from Spain (see there), also suggested eastern localities for the ports of Ophir and Tarshish during King Solomon's reign, specifically the Tamilakkam continent (present day South India and Northern Ceylon) where the Dravidians were well known for their gold, pearls, ivory and peacock trade. Tarshish and the problem of Phoenician colonization in the western Mediterranean. With such uncertainty surroundingTartessus it would be dangerous toassert that Spain was the Tarshishof Scripture which was a maritimepower in the days of Solomon and which was the source of minerals for the great tradingcity of Tyre when Ezekielwrote in the 6th century BC. They were propelled by oars, but no doubt also made use of the sail when the wind was favorable (Luke 8:23), though the pictures which we have in the Gospels are mostly of the boatmen toiling in rowing in the teeth of a gale (Mark 6:48), and struggling with the threatening waves (Matthew 14:24). Solomon landed his timber and other materials for the Temple at Joppa, and tradition has handed down what is called "Solomon's Harbor" there. There seems to have been a special relation between Tarshish and Tyre, as there was at one time between Tartessus and Phoenicians. Tarshish is a family name found among Jews of Ashkenazic descent. (3) In Later Times.As Solomon had the cooperation of Hiram in securing material and craftsmen for the building of the first Temple, so Joshua and Zerubbabel by the favor of Cyrus obtained timber from Lebanon, and masons and carpenters from Sidon and Tyre for the building of the second. "Copper, tin, silver, and iron: The search for metallic ores as an incentive for foreign expansion". }. Spain is economically weak and is only a small part of the EU. THE HEBREWS AND THE SEAII. [1], The existence of Tarshish in the western Mediterranean, along with any Phoenician presence in the western Mediterranean before c. 800BC, has been questioned by some scholars in modern times, because there is no direct evidence. Spain colonized South America but Britain colonized the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and many more places. Genesis 10:2. In the late Bronze Age and into the early Iron Age, tin was a necessary ingredient for making bronze. According to historians, Nineveh is an ancient city in present day Iraq. Fourth-named of the seven "princes" of Persia in the time of Artaxerxes ( Es 1:14 ). It is reputed to be the oldest mine in the world.). [6] Recent research into hacksilver hoards has also suggested Sardinia. 3rd. He is placed on the Timeline of the Bible after the Flood, around 2300 BC. There is consensus that it existed somewhere in the area between Huelva, Cdiz and Seville, but who the inhabitants were we do not know. Limited Time Offer! Later, the prophet Jonah "fled to Tarshish" to escape God's call to preach to the people of Nineveh (in modern Iraq). 2 Chronicles 9:21 For the king had ships that went to Tarshish with the servants of Huram; once every three years came the ships of Tarshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks. The same place-name occurs in the Akkadian inscriptions of Esarhaddon (the Assyrian king, d.669BC) and also on the Phoenician inscription of the Nora Stone in Sardinia; its precise location was never commonly known, and was eventually lost in antiquity. My contention is that Tarshish could possibly be the modern day nation of Great Britain. In the Acts of the Apostles3. (Book 3, para 115). B.C. As He was by the seashore a great concourse of people from all parts made it desirable that "a small boat" (ploiarion) should be in attendance off the shore to receive Him in case of need, though He does not seem to have required it (Mark 3:9). Although huperetes, was "an underrower" and huperesia, "the crew of a ship" as contrasted with kubernetes, "the sailing-master," the derived meaning of "servant" or "officer" has lost in the New Testament all trace of its origin (Matthew 5:25 Luke 1:2 and many passages; compare stellein, and sustellein, where the idea of "furling" or "shifting a sail" is entirely lost: 1 Corinthians 7:29 2 Corinthians 8:20).Figurative:In Hebrews the hope of the gospel is figured as "an anchor. sure and stedfast, and entering into that which is within the veil" (6:19, especially with Ebrard's note in Alford, at the place). (2) Assyria and Babylonia.The Assyrians and Babylonians were mainly an inland people, but their rivers gave them considerable scope for navigation. The location inSpain is doubtful because Bible Of the presumably larger vessel, also an Alexandrian corn ship bound for Rome, which had wintered in Melita, and which afterward took on board the shipwrecked party (Acts 28:11), "the sign" (parasemon) is given, and she is called "The Twin Brothers." Magma from beneath the Earths crust welled up into these cracks and crystallized, leaving behind many different minerals. The end of the known world in his day was beyond the Pillars of Hercules which stand on either side of the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea from the Atlantic which was described as the ocean. Robbers by land on three sides, pirates by sea on the fourth, in a confederacy . The Psalmist takes it as a proof of the power of Yahweh that He breaks the ships of Tarshish with an east wind (Psalm 48:7). He fixed on "Tarshish" being the site of Kudiramalai, a possible corruption of Thiruketheeswaram.[33][34][35][36][37][38]. On another occasion, when the crowds were still greater, He went into a boat and sat "in the sea" with the multitude on the sloping beach before Him (Mark 4:1 Luke 5:3). Tarshish was located on the Mediterranean Sea and was usually identified with the powerful Phoenician trading colony in southwest Spain near modern Cadiz. commonassociation of the metal withthe western Mediterranean. The early colonizing nations were the Phonecians and the Greeks. Isaiah 23:14 Howl, you ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is laid waste! Tarshish is also the name of a modern village in the Mount Lebanon District of Lebanon . The largest hoard was found at Eshtemo'a, present-day as-Samu, and contained 26kg of silver. All rights reserved. Ezekiel's description (chapter 27, with Davidson's notes) brings together more of the features of the ship of antiquity than any other that has come down to us. Among the Hebrews(1) In Early Times(2) During the Monarchy(3) In Later Times2. No other nation in history has created an empire of colonies like the British Empire. The boats were probably of a size and build similar to the few employed on the Lake today, which are between 20 and 30 ft. in length and 7 ft. in breadth. This seemingly rules out Spain as Tarshish and the Latin American countries as the young lions. Genesis 10:4 1 Chronicles 1:7. In this feature, unless otherwise indicated, we use the term "Tarshish" as synonymous with Tartessos in Spain. Semitic Languages: Outline of a Comparative Grammar. It was a major center of trade and commerce in the ancient world. Tiras: . In Revelation there is a representation of the fall of Babylon in language reminiscent of the fall of Tyre (Ezekiel 27), in which lamentations arise from the merchants of the earth who can no more buy her varied merchandise (ton gomon, "cargo" the Revised Version margin), and shipmasters and passengers and seafaring people look in terror and grief upon the smoke of her burning (Revelation 18:12-18).LITERATURE.The usual books on Greek and Roman antiquities furnish descriptions and illustrations. More than once Jesus made special use of a boat. This chapter is an end time prophecy concerning the re-birth of Israel:Surely the coastlands will wait for Me; and the ships of Tarshish will come first, to bring your sons from afar, their gold and silver with them, to the name of the Lord your God, and to the Holy One of Israel, because he has glorified you (Isaiah 60:9). I. The location of Tarshish is uncertain, since the biblical references to it are vague and apparently contradictory. What is Tarshish called today? Herein, how far is Tarshish from Joppa? (2) tsi (Numbers 24:24 Ezekiel 30:9 Isaiah 33:21), tsi 'addir, "gallant ship"; Daniel 11:30, tsiyim Kittim, "ships of Kittim. It seems as though today, Britain, as Tarshish, is now playing a subservient role behind the young lions of America in important geo . It is conceived of in Hebrew literature as remote (Isaiah 66:19 Jonah 1:3; Jonah 4:2), as rich (Psalm 72:10 Jeremiah 10:9), as powerful in commerce (Ezekiel 38:13). If we can identify the source of these metals in the ancient world (6th century BC) then we can be certain about which country is Tarshish in the last days. One view locates Tarshish to the East, accessible from Solomon's great seaport at Ezion Geber on the Red Sea. Is It Ok for Christians to Follow Zodiac Signs? As early as the 4th century BC, the Greeks, Phoenicians and Carthaginians traded for Cornish tin. Isaiah 2:16 For all the ships of Tarshish, and for all pleasant imagery. Jonah 1:1-3 ESV / 11 helpful votes Helpful Not Helpful. In Other Books:In 2 Corinthians 11:25 Paul mentions among sufferings he had endured for Christ's sake that thrice he had suffered shipwreck, and that he had been "a night and a day in the deep," implying that he had been in danger of his life clinging to a spar, or borne upon a hurriedly constructed raft. The fare (cakhar) paid by him as a passenger, the hold of the ship in which he stowed himself away (cephinah), the crew (mallachim) the captain or shipmaster (rabh ha-chobhel), the storm, the angry sea, the terrified mariners and their cry to their gods, and the casting of Jonah overboard to appease the raging waters-all make a lifelike picture.It was in the time of Simon, the last survivor of the Maccabean brothers, that Joppa became a seaport with a harbor for shipping-"Amid all his glory he took Joppa for a haven, and made it an entrance for the isles of the sea" (1 Maccabees 14:5). It could be used by Ezekiel to represent the nations of western Europe that will join Saudi Arabia in denouncing the invasion. "Ships of Tarshish" is an expression sometimes denoting simply ships intended for a long voyage ( Isaiah 23:1 Isaiah 23:14 ), ships of a large size (sea-going ships), whatever might be the port to which they sailed. to carry away silver and gold, to take away cattle and goods, to take a great spoil? The Merchants of Tarshish. Isaiah 60:9 Surely the islands shall wait for me, and the ships of Tarshish first, to bring your sons from far, their silver and their gold with them, for the name of Yahweh your God, and for the Holy One of Israel, because he has glorified you. Where is Tarshish today? Sheba, Dedan, and the merchants of Tarshish, with the young lions of Tarshish, ask Gog why it is invading Israel. Ezekiel 38:8, 16 notifies that this is a prophecy that finds fulfillment in the last days. SHIPS IN THE NEW TESTAMENT1. In Ezekiel 38:10-13 God is speaking through the Prophet Ezekiel to Gog of Magog, a confederacy of nations from the north, who would invade a land of "unwalled villages" (Israel). that is, the inhabitants of a tract of country between the Caspian and Euxine Seas, which nearly corresponded to the modern Georgia. Thompson and Skaggs[10] argue that the Akkadian inscriptions of Esarhaddon (AsBbE) indicate that Tarshish was an island (not a coastland) far to the west of the Levant. The Wisdom of Solomon 14:1, but `` ship '' elsewhere my contention is that Tarshish could be... Tarshish, for your stronghold is laid waste, so that there is no house, entering! Recent research into hacksilver hoards has also suggested Sardinia Tartessians combined with copper to produce,. Has created an empire of colonies like the British Isles ( Spain -Thenandnow ) the... 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