doi: 10.1111/spc3.12018, Grosser, T. J., Lopez-Kidwell, V., and Labianca, G. (2010). Gossiping is a social skill.. Thus, participants filled in the questionnaire twice. Interestingly, with regard to the dark triad personality traits, only narcissism shows consistent associations with motives to gossip. IVum herauszufinden ob die Person, mit der ich gesprochen habe, genauso ber die abwesende Person denkt. Dif. Magazines, Digital If you think youd feel the urge to share this type of news if you heard it, youre probably right. (2012). Contrary to that perspective, gossip is considered as a form of passive-aggressive form of workplace bullying in work and organizational literature (e.g., Lewis and Gunn, 2007; Crothers et al., 2009; Privitera and Campbell, 2009). The positive BF10s indicate that the data are more likely under the model assuming associations between the three personality traits and the respective gossip motive than under the model assuming no association. Fourth, in the Motives to Gossip Questionnaire participants are asked to think about their reasons to gossip in a specific situation capturing their motivation to gossip in that situation. Tell me the gossip: the self-evaluative function of receiving gossip about others. Instead of sharing a prayer request you havent been asked to share, simply pray. I love my child-free life. The acquaintance put the concern on the church prayer chain. The present study shows that the negative reputation is not justified as individuals indicate they mainly use gossip for informational reasons and not to harm others. Taken together, the present online study focuses on the reasons why people engage in conversations about absent third parties. The underlying thought behind this type of gossip is Its about time they finally got what they deserve.. J. Pers. Psychol. Sometimes bitter-vengeful gossip is driven by jealousy. Six distinct reasons have been identified that underlie gossip behavior: information validation, information gathering, relationship building, protection, social enjoyment, and negative influence. Thus, there is much more research needed to uncover the complex interrelations between the diverse motives and social functions. PLoS ONE 13:e0203891. Negative gossip about celebrities and positive gossip about self entertain people in different ways. J. Appl. So, yes, you're likable! Gossiping with a person in order to warn that person of a target person appears not to spur gossip for any of the dark personalities. 40, 16681680. Figure 1. Gossip isn't. Noseyness is when someone whom we don't want to interfere in our life does so. F-MH wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Schwarz, N., and Bless, H. (1992). More specifically, we investigate whether individuals scoring high on the dark triad personality traits are more ready to use gossip in order to harm others and to serve themselves, thereby, contributing to the negative reputation of gossip. The dark triad and framing effects predict selfish behavior in a one-shot prisoner's dilemma. 27, 521531. He is bursting with a thirst for knowledge, inventiveness and creativity. Did you hear how much they paid for it? Extroversion. Are they just a generally cool person, or is their particular set of personality traits just irresistible? Gossip was shown to be more emotionally salient than non-social . The interaction of person and situation, in Personality at the Crossroads: Current Issues in Interactional Psychology, eds D. Magnusson and N. S. Endler (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.), 333352. Out of a Bad Heart Gossip arises when something has gone wrong with us at the worshiping core of our beings. When we gossipno matter what the motivation or justificationwe behave just like the unbelieving world. 19, 196199. Baumeister, R. F. (1998). However, to fully understand the complex interplay between personality, gossip behavior and long term effects of gossip (i.e., social functions such as facilitation of relationship building, protection, facilitation of social learning) longitudinal studies are needed. The reason most often cited? Finally, in the present paper, concurrent associations between personality and reasons to gossip were studied. a firm . 3 Ways to Reclaim Your Hope and Happiness, 7 Ticking Time Bombs That Destroy Loving Relationships, An Addiction Myth That Needs to Be Revisited, 5 Spiritual Practices That Increase Well-Being. Gossip and ostracism promote cooperation in groups. Jonason, P. K., Lyons, M., Baughman, H. M., and Vernon, P. A. Jonason, P. K., Li, N. P., and Teicher, E. A. doi: 10.1037/a0034431, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar, Back, M. D., Schmukle, S. C., and Egloff, B. Individ. Thus, if individuals with dark personalities regularly use gossip to spread negative information and harm others that would surely contribute to the negative reputation of gossip. The core of darkness: uncovering the heart of the Dark Triad. These traits may include: People are generally not all good or all bad, or all positive or all negative. Not surprisingly, they were happier to hear positive gossip about themselves, and more irked by hearing negative gossip about themselves as opposed to hearing gossip about others.). Soc. 18, 574579. 2. Internal consistency was highly satisfactory for all subscales (see Figure 1) and, if applicable, comparable to those of Beersma and Van Kleef (2012). Soc. Participants were invited via e-mail to fill in an online questionnaire about communication at work. Photo courtesy: Thinkstock/Wavebreakmedia. A coworker took all the credit for a project you both worked on in a meeting with your boss. Taken together, research has postulated and empirically shown that the exchange of information about absent third persons serves several important functions in a social environment. 27, 169184. doi: 10.1002/per.1860, Levin, J., and Arluke, A. and Good Day Dallas. Positive gossip. Pers. It's a tricky phenomenon to study, though. Work and organizational literature has also shown that people gossip for other than hostile intentions at the workplace (Waddington, 2005; Waddington and Fletcher, 2005; Kuo et al., 2015; see also Michelson and Mouly, 2004; Michelson et al., 2010). While the Bless Your Heart gossip cloaks negative information about others in a guise of compassion, the bitter-vengeful gossip makes no attempt at hiding his or her glee at others misfortune. 22, 273288. Bivariate correlations between all variables are displayed in Table 1. Boredom-driven gossip is nothing new. Assess. Gen. Psychol. doi: 10.4135/9781412986373, Book, A., Visser, B. Second, to examine whether the bad reputation of gossip is justified or not, we explore the role of the dark personality traits in gossip motivation. For example, if they are talkative at home, they tend also to be talkative at work. But the bottom line is this: be aware of the fine line between venting emotions and tarnishing reputations. Individ. Gossiping comes naturally and most of the time occurs almost unconsciously to break up the monotony of routine activities or simply to spice up conversations. The grandiose (overt) subtype is your "typical" narcissist who is bold, aggressive, and arrogant. Copyright 2019 Hartung, Krohn and Pirschtat. Other research shows that in comparison to more psychopathic and more Machiavellian individuals, more narcissistic individuals tend to use more soft tactics to influence others (Jonason et al., 2012). (2010). When these traits are negative and hold a character back from their goal, theyre called character flaws. She is mom to their three wildly funny young adult kids, who frequently sit on her kitchen counter, just to chat. IGum Informationen ber die abwesende Person zu sammeln. Creative Minds Press. The meaning, antecedents and consequences of rumour and gossip in organisations. IGum Neuigkeiten ber die abwesende Person in Erfahrung zu bringen. In contrast, in the private setting the picture is not that clear-cut. A proud woman born to a highly respected Southern family, Miss Emily seems frozen in the past, bearing herself aristocratically even when she is impoverished after her controlling father's death. Did You Know Anxiety Can Enhance Our Relationships? They also note that gossip tends to be about acquaintances more than celebrities, and typically involves an exchange of social information rather than thoughts about one's physical appearance or achievements. Soc. Pers. Individ. 27, 164168. Thus, gossip activity highly depends on organizational and occupational features. Unlike Beersma and Van Kleef (2012), we asked the participants to think about a situation in a work setting as well as in a private context. Article Images Copyright , How to Biblically Celebrate New Life in the Spring, California - Do Not Sell My Personal Information. In the light of these findings one might speculate that for dark individuals gossiping about cheaters and free-riders removes potential rivals and creates a climate of trust. The motive to warn and protect a conversational partner appears to be of similar importance as relationship building and enjoyment. Gossip is an ubiquitous phenomenon. According to Wagenmakers et al. Have We Turned Our Favorite Preachers and Teachers into Idols? imax worldwide home closing doi: 10.1177/1745691616666070, Nathanson, C., Paulhus, D. L., and Williams, K. M. (2006). Of course, talking about other peoples lives isnt always negative, nor is it always gossip; but it can be the gateway to meddling and gossip. 19. 74, 275279. 105, 10131037. doi: 10.1002/per.1893, Jones, D. N., and Paulhus, D. L. (2011). Translating Questionnaires and Other Research Instruments: Problems and Solutions. This motivation was apparent in the private setting as well as in the work setting suggesting that it might play a role in amicable relationship building as well as professional networking. Concerns about reputation via gossip promote generous allocations in an economic game. Human Evolutionary Psychology. 8, 111121. Mirroring the results of the classical repeated ANOVA, the Bayesian repeated ANOVA revealed that the situation as well as the interaction were not meaningful. The time working within an organization is probably related to the amount and intensity of relationships somebody has to others in that organization; and, therefore, might be related to the motives that steer gossip behavior. doi: 10.1177/1059601112450607, Farley, S. D. (2011). How the grapevine keeps you in line: gossip increases contributions to the group. How Psychologically Conditioned Rats Are Defusing Landmines, The Innate Intelligence Observed in the Dying Process. Pers. When we . In line with that notion, research shows that individuals who show a high frequency of negative gossip are rated as highly dislikable (Farley, 2011). 12, 177196. Another reason to exchange information about a third person was to build trust to one's gossip partner. The aims of the present study are 2-fold. In a 2019 meta-analysis published in the journal Social Psychological and Personality Science, Robbins and a colleague found that, of the 52 minutes a day on average the 467 subjects spent gossiping, three-quarters of that gossip was actually neutral. Bad habit or social good? People scoring higher on narcissism indicated information validation as a more important motive when talking about absent third parties than people scoring lower in narcissism both in work (p = 0.001) and private (p < 0.001) settings. The dark triad personality traits were entered as independent variables and motives as dependent variables. To ensure the internal validity, confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) using AMOS (version 24.0.0) were conducted for private and work setting separately (see Figure 1). As a result, important social functions have been postulated for gossip in anthropological and psychological science (e.g., Suls, 1977; Baumeister et al., 2004; Dunbar, 2004a,b; Foster, 2004; Hartung and Renner, 2013). A social network analysis of positive and negative gossip in organizational life. Additionally, as people with dark personalities are not concerned with others' welfare, they probably use gossip less often to protect other individuals or their group from harm (but see Lyons and Hughes, 2015). Gossip isnt always as easy to spot as one might think. Based on the work of Mischel (1977), researchers differentiate between strong situations with normative expectations and clear roles that constrain behavior, and weak situations which do not provide normative expectations, and, therefore, allow for more freedom in behavior and the expression of personality. It is a meta-analysis of gossip as a behavior, not a study. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9299.2007.00665.x, Lyons, M. T., and Hughes, S. (2015). Specifically, examining the different facets and subtypes of narcissism would facilitate the interpretation of the relationships found between narcissism and gossip motives. The receiver listens, then begins a response with, "Yes, and.". Psychol. A competitive situation might elicit motives that serve the individual more easily and hazards negative consequences for others. However, we have no specific hypotheses concerning the single dark triad traits. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.11.010, Nuzzo, R. L. (2017). Figure 2. Lying. adaptable. However, research on order effects within surveys suggests that both assimilation and contrast effects might occur (Sudman et al., 1996). doi: 10.1177/0146167208316688, Furnham, A., Richards, S. C., and Paulhus, D. L. (2013). In fact, these two aspects are key in this type of personality. Also, the values of BFinclusion for situation (BFinclusion = 0.11), motives (BFinclusion = 3.00 1015), and situation*motives (BFinclusion = 4.84 103) show that the situation factor and the interaction only receive weak support. . Gossip appears to serve predominantly entertainment purposes whereas social curiosity appears to be more driven by a general interest in gathering information about how other people feel, think, and behave and the need to belong. Individ. Unraveling the paradoxes of narcissism: a dynamic self-regulatory processing model. This might be due to similar gossip behavior across different situations or due to the fact that the distinction between work and private situations has not been precise enough. And that can easily lead to gossip. Manag. However, we can take some cues from these fictional people and their character traits in order to achieve our own goals. 52, 449453. Social media is an ideal platform for gossip. And while in the know gossips have been around forever, social media has driven in the know gossip to new heights. Natl. When people say your reputation precedes you, its because they have heard gossip about that person, he says, which can be extremely useful. That said, disseminating or not correcting gossip you know to be untrue doesnt have any pro-social benefit. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0704598104. Thus, by passing reputational information about a potential harm-doer to a gossip partner, the group as a whole is protected against cheaters, free-riders and alike (Dunbar, 2004b; Keltner et al., 2008; Piazza and Bering, 2008; Beersma and Van Kleef, 2011; Feinberg et al., 2012, 2014). Leave the exaggeration at the door, Willer says. The researchers coded gossip into three distinct categories: positive/flattering gossip, neutral gossip (i.e., observations about people that aren't necessarily positive or negative), and negative/malicious gossip. 52, 482486. 70, 117119. Also, at the group level, a climate of information permeability and norm compliance is generated (e.g., Piazza and Bering, 2008; Feinberg et al., 2012). IV, Information Validation; IG, Information Gathering; RB, Relationship Building; P, Protection; SE, Social Enjoyment; NI, Negative Influence. Everyone does it. J. Soc. He's a typical bad boy who is always looking for trouble.
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